How to Write a Cover Letter — The Complete Guide

1. The 4-paragraph structure

Every effective cover letter follows the same skeleton:

• Opening — who you are and which role you want
• Why them — what excites you about the company
• Why you — your strongest 1–2 proof points
• Closing — clear call to action and thanks

2. Hook the reader in the first sentence

Skip 'I am writing to apply for…'. Open with a specific accomplishment, an honest reason you admire the company, or a number that proves you can do the job.

3. Mirror the job description — but don't copy it

Use 2–3 phrases from the job posting in your own words. ATS systems and humans both notice when your language matches what they're looking for.

4. Keep it to one page

Three to four short paragraphs. 250–400 words total. Anything longer and you're costing the reader attention they were ready to give you.